Accurately classifying hypertension based on clinical presentation, risk factors, and objective data is key to prognosis and guiding treatment decisions. This guide provides an overview of current classification systems.
Staging Hypertension
Hypertension staging is based on consistent, reproducible blood pressure (BP) readings correctly measured over a period of time. Guidelines define hypertension stages as:
- Normal: <120 mmHg (systolic) AND <80 mmHg (diastolic)
- Elevated: 120-129 mmHg (systolic) AND <80 mmHg (diastolic)
- Stage 1: 130-139 mmHg (systolic) OR 80-89 mmHg (diastolic)
- Stage 2: ≥140 mmHg (systolic) OR ≥90 mmHg (diastolic)
- Hypertensive Crisis: >180 mmHg (systolic) AND/OR >120 mmHg (diastolic)
Risk Factors
Risk factors impact prognosis and guide treatment intensity. Key factors include:
- Age
- Co-existing conditions (diabetes, obesity, CVD)
- Presence of target organ damage
- Metabolic panel findings
- Family history
Related information
Whether you are new to hypertension management or a seasoned practitioner, the hypertension principles online learning module delivers an essential skill-building opportunity and key reference for everyday practice.